发文字号引用错例分析（超实用）
<p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 76, 0); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">原文标题：</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, 宋体; line-height: normal; text-align: center; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important;">公文写作中发文字号的引用错误与矫治</span></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 76, 0); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 0em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">作者：李展</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 76, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 0em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 0em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 0em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></strong></span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">发文字号是文件的重要组成部分。《党政机关公文处理工作条例》和《党政机关公文格式》（</span>GB/T 9704-2012<span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">）从格式上对发文字号做了要素、位置等方面的规定。在公文写作的行文中，常常会遇到需要注明引用文件发文字号的情况。引用发文字号，一是可以突显有关文件的权威性，起到强调的作用；二是可以增强公文的严谨性和规范性，使公文更加正式庄重；三是便于文件查询，掌握文件的整体精神实质。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">但在公文写作的具体实践中，发文字号的引用常常出现错误，这不仅没有为公文起到增色添彩的作用，反而损害了公文的严肃性，使公文大为逊色，影响了其整体质量。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">现就公文写作中发文字号的引用错误，进行举例分析。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(171, 25, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;">一、六角括号错用</span></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">例</span> 1. <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">深入贯彻《国务院办公厅关于加快应急产业发展的意见》（国办发</span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(61, 167, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">（</span>2014<span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">）</span></strong></span>63 <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">号），大力推动应急产业发展，不断提高我老秘网市安全应急保障能力。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">例</span> 2. <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">认真落实中央组织部和省委组织部部署，根据省委高校工委《中共河南省委高校工委转发省委组织部关于开展党员组织关系集中排查的通知》（豫高发</span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(61, 167, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【</span>2016<span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">】</span></strong></span>5 <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">号）文件精神，严格党员日常教育管理监督，不断夯实基层党建工作基础。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">例</span> 3. <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">贯彻落实国务院《关于加快发展现代职业教育的决定》（国发</span><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(61, 167, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></strong>19 <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">号）、教育部等六部门《现代职业教育体系建设规划（</span>2014-2020 <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">年）》（教发</span><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(61, 167, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></strong>6 <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">号）等文件精神，科学制定我校“十三五”发展规划。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">例</span> 4. <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">根据国务院办公厅《关于加快转变农业发展方式的意见》（国办发</span><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(61, 167, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">〈</span>2015<span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">〉</span></span></strong>59 <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">号）精神，紧密结合我省实际，现就加快转变农业发展方式提出如下实施意见。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">六角括号错用是一种常见的错误。《党政机关公文格式》规定，年份应标全称，用六角括号</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">“〔〕”括入。但在具体工作中，错用的情况比比皆是。六角括号“〔〕”经常会被错用为方头括号“【】”、圆括号“（）”、方括号“</span>[]<span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">”、单书名号“〈〉”等。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">以上错误案例中，只需把“【】”“（）”“</span>[]<span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">”“〈〉”改为“〔〕”即为正确。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(171, 25, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;">二、搭配虚字</span></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">例</span> 5. <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">根据教育部、财政部《关于高等学校建立经济责任制进一步加强财务管理和监督的通知》（教财〔</span>2000<span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">〕<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(61, 167, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;">字第</span></strong></span> 14 <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">号）精神，进一步加强学校财务管理工作，依法规范财务工作秩序，严格财经工作程序，明确经济责任。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">《党政机关公文格式》规定，发文顺序号不加“第”字。而在引用过程中，随意在发文字号中增加“字”“第”等字，便会造成错误。例</span> 5 <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">中，需要删除“字”“第”两字。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(171, 25, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;">三、年份不全</span></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">例</span> 6. <span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">贯彻《国务院关于全面建立困难残疾人生活补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度的意见》</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">（国发〔</span><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; color: rgb(61, 167, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;">15</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">〕</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">52 </span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">号）精神，切实保障和改善残疾人基本生活。年份不全多是由为省事而简写造成的，常见错误是省略了年份中千位和百位数字。如把“</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">2016</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">”简写成“</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">16</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">”等。《党政机关公文格式》规定，年份应标全称。例</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 6 </span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">中，需要把“</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">15</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">”补全为“</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">2015</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">”。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 20px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(171, 25, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;">四、缺少圆括号</span></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">**** Hidden Message *****</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; text-align: right; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">内容来源：《</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">应用写作</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; box-sizing: border-box !important;">》2016年第10期</span></strong></p><p></p> 】”、圆括号“（）”、方括号“[]”、单书名号“〈〉”等。以上错误案例中，只需把“【】”“（）”“[]”“〈〉”改为“〔〕”即为正确。
二、搭配虚字
例 5. 根据教育部、财政部《关于高等学校建立经济责任制进一步加强财务管理和监督的通知》（教财〔2000〕字第 14 号）精神，进一步加强学校财务管理工作，依法规范财务工作秩序，严格财经工作程序，明确经济责任。 书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟 六角括号错用是一种常见的错误。《党政机关公文格式》规定，年份应标全称，用六角括号
“〔〕”括入。但在具体工作中，错用的情况比比皆是。六角括号“〔〕”经常会被错用为方头括号“【】”、圆括号“（）”、方括号“[]”、单书名号“〈〉”等。
以上错误案例中，只需把“【】”“（）”“[]”“〈〉”改为“〔〕”即为正确。
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