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今日下午，《论语札记》作者贾陆英老师继续在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”组织大家学习讨论《论语》为政篇第2章。有贾老师的热心授课，我们的重温经典读书会已名副其实了。昨天老秘网新开了“公文写作合议庭”版块，也期待大家积极参与。这里，老猫把今日的聊天记录整理如下：
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">各位好，星期一下午有事未到，让大家久等了。特致歉意。今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第/ J' Z. V+ k! D s$ l. Emso-font-kerning:0pt">27 t7 c' T3 E" y1 wfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;" F# g. P- c4 g! {& s8 r% a8 i* L' {
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9 D& o4 q, E- I7 R$ a3 S: Wmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">子曰：3 S2 f0 ]# C6 T3 l3 a, Y
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+ P# g; C: w; {5 v. q$ R1 F$ R" wmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。/ j: q+ k: M$ ` y
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/ c7 S3 V' i/ i! zTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百：《诗经》实有三百零五篇，三百只是举其整数。' T" O6 C+ a/ B; M1 \6 @mso-font-kerning:0pt">“. n4 q O9 L; ]# c; O
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$ Q$ x5 I' b6 p3 l' nmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">駧》》上的一句话。原文的思字是语助词，孔子借用这句话把思作思想讲。无邪：纯正，没有邪念。; C2 D" E/ o0 Zmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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- J: v( }, p- f8 w6 X, }; k- w- K* xTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">孔子说：% ^) V1 x0 K2 ]/ O V2 p
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">思想纯正。0 O2 d+ Y3 _$ C* O& K8 |6 M+ [- ~10.5pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">’”
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问：孔子为什么极为重视诗教？& S) S5 k; U& D$ H U8 \% y+ X. t
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/ x& d" N8 r9 d% O( K: ?8 u5 k* YTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答：本章是孔子对《诗经》精神的概括。孔子曾经说过，吾道一以贯之，指出他的学说有一个贯穿其中的基本精神，读书学习，重要的是要把握这个基本精神。一言以蔽之，就是一以贯之的意思，+ u+ h' @7 {4 J7 q6 {! q1 E& T: zmso-font-kerning:0pt">"8 p4 W0 `) Q) i; b$ \6 ~
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2 q, s' R. q. W6 e' |: K- g/ Ymso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">就是贯穿于诗经三百篇中的核心精神。+ J, c- l4 d# f
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴于诗、立于礼、成于乐# p: n* M! T/ ~1 N6 s1 m5 Y
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语" ]' u5 ]% w1 k' N/ ?" A& p
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">泰伯》），兴于诗，强调诗的教育之重要，所兴的是人的情感。立于礼，礼教的目的是使人在社会上立足。成于乐，乐教的目的是使这种7 N* Y* s v. q: q, [" _mso-font-kerning:0pt">“6 B3 n! z2 [1 k& g n/ L& X
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" P) Y5 b5 `, o% `) a; F# g7 omso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">最终得以完成。古人讲的* P( n/ D( g% }! M' q# nmso-font-kerning:0pt">“7 l3 j- s8 V( l8 L/ nfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
5 O- U0 l9 D8 |. W8 v/ S, tmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐. S$ c u2 M' l1 q2 w3 u: j
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，包括音乐、舞蹈、诗歌等等，诗歌是运用有节律、有韵律的语言反映生活、抒发情感的文学体裁，孔子认为，就教化的功能而言，; p. ]( x' _- d
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是一个人品德养成、人性完善的最高层次。- C- J6 V9 w% G6 g$ o
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》是中国最早的一部诗歌总集，经孔子删订，收有从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌: I9 q& P0 S3 V, A& S' B" A) t& vmso-font-kerning:0pt">305* w: y/ `; D3 B$ n! Hfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;# E! X. v* S/ y# ^' [
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">篇。孔子特别重视5 y' k9 c6 ~* i+ B
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗; @" M' ` w" R8 L- ~mso-font-kerning:0pt">”8 u5 G1 S* X, d
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2 d2 V) N9 |/ o. o, amso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对于人格完善的重要作用，他说：0 q) [1 H0 V1 t; _mso-font-kerning:0pt">“6 X! V8 s5 C% `7 j) |; A, L
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% e5 `( t+ b/ umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不学诗，无以言。& z" h6 d2 p H- I2 P+ N$ `
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4 F1 ?2 i9 v: W6 x5 [mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语+ I% Y: K: C& D8 i, k8 _mso-font-kerning:0pt">•- f; v+ k0 @9 F
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& ^7 P+ F! O3 c- c$ hmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">季氏》）& E3 S" {9 w9 M5 h3 r6 Z
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3 `+ ?% M1 Z$ Lmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。迩之事父，远之事君；多识于鸟兽草木之名。+ d1 _: Y' D, V# ]
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">阳货》）由此可见，孔子重视《诗经》的教育，一是在于学习《诗》的语言和文化知识，二是通过9 d1 W, w2 T# _mso-font-kerning:0pt">“7 r( g" `% D. x/ @. p( ?font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;; H. O0 {5 m2 ~. b, ^
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴、观、群、怨9 C/ Q) C1 Z3 }; ~. u% `mso-font-kerning:0pt">”. f @) p, d' C; q3 H
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0 P& O. u5 H* N+ R3 rmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。% f( y# q/ e9 J2 ~& Z6 r5 o3 umso-font-kerning:0pt"> : J+ b( V9 B7 A4 K( b+ S
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) U9 `9 ~3 ?/ s% K8 P1 ?/ a' C. V7 wTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。( T2 k" }" s; J8 p6 Y# g- ~0 Fmso-font-kerning:0pt">"4 i/ p6 x, P; l$ [. ?" }font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;! h, o! v$ V% q
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫歪解：诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。7 j* r0 ]0 u: {3 K% P$ M
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' O( I! ]/ j0 J% s# kTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。( X! o# H5 o/ Z$ w1 z: R/ D# Fmso-font-kerning:0pt">——1 g J& U6 U; I3 Y9 A9 @
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8 Y+ |/ A5 P/ k. M! M/ H- kmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">歪批 p; m8 L, A, L2 p/ zmso-font-kerning:0pt">”" {5 `: x0 U7 r# q
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。诗经确有许多歌颂男女爱情的作品，那时的社会风气是开化的，孔子的思想也是开化的。这种风气被改变，是后来的事。不可用后人的标准衡量前人。“我把贾老得罪了”7 h4 c+ f# k/ l
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">开个玩笑，没关系的。3 ~9 j6 n, M! S! r9 Y* F8 _mso-font-kerning:0pt"> $ y3 A1 _8 b5 l
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' X. f- M- g' G! Gmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观、可以群，可以怨。8 y8 G2 y- O- t0 d; s' dmso-font-kerning:0pt">”* N' T9 j. S6 _$ d7 ^
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学诗的作用就在于! z/ K# i( a5 j7 y
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F: t5 b4 C2 Hmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观! U8 a+ C. P5 V7 v9 B: qmso-font-kerning:0pt">”& ~; |: q1 e2 c9 j
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">“% l$ B3 d7 o( M k5 V& lfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
- D3 I S2 k6 ?1 smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群. }& e7 y3 S, _1 W- Umso-font-kerning:0pt">”) u% O/ m6 j' B, u. b: a K. m2 q/ P1 ffont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;! m) u. p' a0 g! c
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; x" A/ |/ t0 k* g2 lmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨- C- Z; L9 U* D+ Cmso-font-kerning:0pt">”* y& r! _: _9 T% t. N' [$ s0 {* kfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma; l# f7 M5 s4 C" p, V
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">四个字。所谓# g9 M! R: \. }; s1 H0 v
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, ?# @$ T# \ D6 h& Cmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以激发人的兴致，培养想象力；所谓" x6 Y( M. w* J, W: j: Fmso-font-kerning:0pt">“6 |+ I; h, X; @font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
2 o4 \' @& y. _- zmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观3 t* |/ [+ e% A6 t
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以多识鸟兽草木等大自然之物，提高观察力；所谓. g; A D6 q9 h. y' m O; _' Hmso-font-kerning:0pt">“- B9 x1 ^1 J9 U2 a0 |) {( qfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;. e# }6 R2 Q0 R- L6 {9 Y7 w$ G
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群% _; _2 ]+ f3 ]. jmso-font-kerning:0pt">”: i0 q1 [, ]$ J* qfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;% R9 k% E4 O0 i! Q6 h
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以涵养温柔敦厚的性情，提高在群体中生活的能力；所谓( L' f6 h, l* t* m: ]mso-font-kerning:0pt">“2 \+ t3 s- @- ]/ [. V4 f
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;; Q: U- G. ]' M- H& w( \0 d4 \& g
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨2 M7 T# v0 }( d C; }
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; g" S+ w4 j7 f. {! H+ Nmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗还可以锻炼, p. r" R! Q% U5 H2 h
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐而不淫、哀而不伤5 c9 }( d( r( W) k8 C# g
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语$ D: J" a; y0 t1 }, @
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6 c+ o y( b9 Tmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">八佾》）的胸襟和品格，抒发心中之怨，而又能" d+ u1 j+ p! cmso-font-kerning:0pt">“% [: I$ [4 X G! k+ u: w l
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3 b; B& H4 h# R/ E1 Y: Y5 Pmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨而不怒! F- z- K4 [6 P* r& c1 ^mso-font-kerning:0pt">”& R" M% {4 w% I: n
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《朱熹! v" [. Y+ ~" g# H+ F' Smso-font-kerning:0pt">./ z& i5 w2 |, Y5 _
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">论语集注》），恰到好处，合乎中道。总之，学诗可以使人0 u9 j) |! e+ s; g: }5 C7 ]# m
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪4 B, _9 n9 B" z4 }! Q2 _
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5 g; R' l9 R2 R8 ] b1 pmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政》），遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。- l' x/ x6 U" x# p
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">继续歪解啊：群呢，就是说物以类聚，大家有共同的审美和爱好，对诗经有雷同的见解，于是呢，就找到好朋友了。所谓怨呢，就是说看到诗经里写的这么美好的事物人物，会生出点点怨气，怨自己为什么没有诗经这么美好的生活，从而激发斗志。6 y' W% m) z# Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">) T6 C8 o8 n+ T! l0 U# u4 l
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; x2 F4 R) d* L* L' O, q4 }Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">智者见智，淫者见淫。有道理0 F# ]- o0 [$ U* p: g0pt">
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">大家是做文秘工作的，写文章，也需要提高文学素养，如能恰到好处地引用几句诗词、名言警句，定会使文稿熠熠生辉。否则，干巴巴的，没有文彩，读之无味。6 B3 ]& Z! Y$ F% [' Dmso-font-kerning:0pt">
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! s' h0 [! M+ l5 @mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是的，不但文稿晦暗，而且说服力弱* k1 K4 o, v6 r
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Tahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">求觉迷者：* D; ]4 N% T$ j- A6 {0pt"> + R: Z6 @# w, A
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+ u9 [6 }. {' M/ b& `( Q6 C. TTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我们领导基本把稿子中的诗句都略掉，不读，也许在正式场合没有习总的温柔劲吧! F9 i1 ^2 c& w. e
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0 l% O7 n ^" X9 _ P9 \Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是啊，大家看看习总的语言风格，文学素养深厚，值得学习。
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提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡
300x180 AD
